Which scientist is recognized for foundational work in genetics?

Mendel is recognized as the father of genetics due to his pioneering experiments with pea plants, which established the basic principles of heredity. His systematic approach to breeding experiments allowed him to uncover how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. Through his work, Mendel formulated the concepts of dominant and recessive traits, leading to the development of the laws of segregation and independent assortment. These foundational principles laid the groundwork for modern genetics, influencing countless studies and advancements in the field. While other scientists mentioned made significant contributions in their respective areas—such as Malthus in population theory, Pasteur in microbiology, and Watson in the discovery of DNA structure—Mendel's work specifically addressed the mechanisms of inheritance, making him a key figure in the understanding of genetic transmission.