What is the primary function of the epiglottis in the human body?

The primary function of the epiglottis is to cover the windpipe, or trachea, during swallowing. This action helps prevent food and liquids from entering the airway, ensuring that they go down the esophagus instead. The epiglottis acts as a protective flap that effectively blocks the trachea when swallowing occurs, which is crucial for preventing choking and ensuring that the respiratory and digestive systems function properly. This anatomical feature is essential for maintaining the separation of the airway and the digestive tract during the act of swallowing.