What is the function of the AV valve in the heart?

The function of the AV (atrioventricular) valve in the heart is to regulate blood flow between the atria and ventricles. Specifically, there are two AV valves in the heart: the tricuspid valve, which is located between the right atrium and right ventricle, and the mitral valve, which is situated between the left atrium and left ventricle.

These valves play a crucial role during the cardiac cycle. When the atria contract, the AV valves open to allow blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles. Then, as the ventricles contract, the AV valves close to prevent the backflow of blood into the atria. This ensures that blood flows in the correct direction through the heart, maintaining efficient circulation throughout the body.

While the AV valves do not directly separate the atria or connect the veins, their primary purpose of regulating the flow between the atria and ventricles is essential for proper heart function. Additionally, the AV valves do not control blood pressure; instead, blood pressure regulation is mainly managed by the contraction of the heart muscles and the elasticity of the arterial walls.