What is a peptic ulcer?

A peptic ulcer is specifically defined as an open sore that develops on the lining of the stomach or the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. This condition arises when the protective mucous layer that normally guards these organs is damaged, often due to factors such as the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), excessive acid production, or other irritants. The presence of a sore can lead to symptoms such as abdominal pain, indigestion, and in some severe cases, bleeding.

The other options do not correctly define a peptic ulcer. An infection in the intestines refers to different gastrointestinal conditions that do not specifically involve the stomach lining. A digestive disorder is a broad category that includes many types of issues, but does not pinpoint the specific nature of a peptic ulcer. Lastly, a condition caused by excess bile production pertains to issues related to bile and its effects on digestion, which is not the mechanism behind the development of a peptic ulcer.