What does the fossil record provide evidence for?

The fossil record is a vital tool in understanding biological history, particularly regarding the evolution of species over time. It provides a chronological account of how different organisms have changed and diversified from their ancestors through a gradual process known as evolution. Fossils capture snapshots of life at various points in history, showing transitional forms that illustrate traits common to both ancestors and modern descendants.

For instance, the fossil record has documented the gradual changes in lineages, such as the evolution of cetaceans (whales and dolphins) from land-dwelling mammals. By examining these fossils, scientists can trace the anatomical adaptations that occurred over millions of years, offering clear evidence of evolution in action.

While the other options do touch on important aspects of biological study, the primary focus of the fossil record is its role in providing evidence for evolutionary processes, showcasing how species have evolved over geological timescales.