How is a macromolecule defined in biological terms?

In biological terms, a macromolecule is defined as a large molecule made of smaller molecules linked together. This definition emphasizes the structure of macromolecules, which are often created through the process of polymerization, where smaller subunits called monomers are chemically bonded to form long chains or larger, complex structures.

Examples of biological macromolecules include proteins, nucleic acids (like DNA and RNA), carbohydrates, and lipids. Each of these macromolecules plays a vital role in the structure and function of living organisms. For instance, proteins are made of amino acids (the monomers), and they perform a variety of functions including catalyzing reactions, providing structural support, and facilitating communication between cells.

This definition underscores the importance of both size and composition in classifying these molecules as macromolecules, highlighting how they play critical roles in the biological processes that sustain life.